What process pertains to analyzing an applicant's personal information to determine insurance eligibility?

The process of analyzing an applicant's personal information to determine insurance eligibility is known as underwriting. Underwriting is a fundamental aspect of the insurance industry, where the insurer evaluates the risk associated with an applicant based on various factors, including their health history, lifestyle, demographics, and other relevant data. This assessment helps determine whether the applicant qualifies for coverage and, if so, what premiums will be charged.

Underwriters play a critical role in ensuring that the insurer maintains profitability while providing coverage, as they must balance the risks with the potential payout. Effectively, underwriting establishes the terms and conditions of the insurance policy, including any exclusions or specific guidelines that the policyholder must adhere to.

The other options, while related to the overall insurance process, do not specifically focus on the initial evaluation of an applicant's eligibility for coverage. Risk assessment is a broader term that may occur during underwriting but does not capture the full scope of what underwriting entails. Policy evaluation typically refers to the examination of existing policies, and claims investigation involves examining claims after they've been filed to confirm their validity and terms.