In insurance terminology, what does the term 'aleatory' refer to?

The term 'aleatory' in insurance refers to an arrangement where the values exchanged between the parties are not equal and are contingent on uncertain events. This characteristic is fundamental in insurance contracts, as they involve one party (the insurer) providing coverage or payment only under specific conditions, such as a loss occurring. In this context, the insured pays premiums, which are often relatively small compared to the potential payout for a claim that may occur, creating an unequal exchange of value.

This principle highlights the inherent uncertainty and risk within insurance contracts, making them distinct from balanced contracts where both parties exchange equivalent values at all times. By understanding this concept, you can gain deeper insight into how insurance operates, emphasizing the nature of risk and compensation that defines the industry.